> For the complete documentation index, see [llms.txt](https://duoduo3369.gitbook.io/skill_issues/llms.txt). Markdown versions of documentation pages are available by appending `.md` to page URLs; this page is available as [Markdown](https://duoduo3369.gitbook.io/skill_issues/tools/vim.issue.md).

# vim

请下载 [janus](https://github.com/duoduo369/janus) 节省不必要的配置时间

自定义的配置放在\~/.vimrc.after里面

以下的很多操作默认使用janus安装的插件

例如快速跳转\w \b，注释\cc,格式化等等

## tab

```
python可能4个空格缩进，ruby或者别的一些规定2个空格
下面是关于空格我的~/.vimrc.after,默认tab是4个空格(pythoner),如果写coffee的
话默认两个

set tabstop=4       " A four-space tab indent width is the prefered coding style
                " for Python (and everything else!), although of course some
                " disagree. This page generally assumes you want 4-space
                " indents.

set shiftwidth=4    " This allows you to use the < and > keys from VIM's visual
                    " (marking) mode to block indent/unindent regions

set smarttab        " Use the "shiftwidth" setting for inserting <TAB>s instead
                    " of the "tabstop" setting, when at the beginning of a
                    " line. This may be redundant for most people, but some
                    " poeple like to keep their tabstop=8 for compatability
                    " when loading files, but setting shiftwidth=4 for nicer
                    " coding style.

set expandtab       " expandtab    et    Insert spaces instead of <TAB>
                    " character when the <TAB> key is pressed. This is also
                    " the prefered method of Python coding, since Python is
                    " especially sensitive to problems with indenting which can
                    " occur when people load files in different editors with
                    " different tab settings, and also cutting and pasting
                    " between applications (ie email/news for example) can
                    " result in problems. It is safer and more portable to
                    " use spaces for indenting.

set softtabstop=4   " softtabstop=4    sts    People like using real tab
                    " character instead of spaces because it makes it easier
                    " when pressing BACKSPACE or DELETE, since if the indent
                    " is using spaces it will take 4 keystrokes to delete
                    " the indent. Using this setting, however, makes VIM see
                    " multiple space characters as tabstops, and so <BS> does
                    " the right thing and will delete four spaces (assuming
                    " 4 is your setting).

set autoindent      " autoindent    ai    Very painful to live without this
                    " (especially with Python)! It means that when you press
                    " RETURN and a new line is created, the indent of the new
                    " line will match that of the previous line.

autocmd FileType coffee setlocal tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2
```

## 可视化

行级别 shift + v 列级别 ctrl + v

可视化是很重要的一个部分，还记得你在记事本里面用鼠标选中某些文字， 然后复制粘贴么？在vim里面只要ctrl + v 然后拉动 h l 等选中文字，y可以复制选中的文字，x可以删除选中的文字,大写I进行插入 按Esc之后会有惊喜(多行注释常用)

## 打开tab,来回切换

:tabedit path

切换ctrl + pageup/pagedown

## tab映射,让你的vim变的更加方便

有了tab功能，并且可以方便的切换，vim的易用性显得更高了。

<http://www.douban.com/group/topic/23129658/>

```
ctrl + t 打开新tab
ctrl + h/l 来回切换tab
ctrl + c 关闭tab


:map <C-t> :tabedit ./^D

:map <C-h> :tabp<CR>

:map <C-l> :tabn<CR>

:map <C-c> :tabclose<CR>
```

## 打开tab list

```
\t 
当tab有7 8个的时候，可能感觉移动不方便，可以直接打开tab
list跳到某个tab去.不过配置了ctrl + h/l之后移动是很简单的事情。
```

## 迅速找到并打开当前vim文件夹下的文件

```
ctrl + p 
```

例如: 文件目录如下,你正在编辑 /home/duoduo/proj/A.txt:

```
/home/duoduo/proj/A.txt
/home/duoduo/proj/B.txt
/home/duoduo/proj/test/A.txt
/home/duoduo/proj/test2/B.txt
/home/duoduo/proj/test2/B/A.txt

当按下ctrl + p
的时候，vim下面会出现一个条，如果你输入b,会出现下面这几个路径，可以迅速选择打开文件，非常方便。
/home/duoduo/proj/B.txt
/home/duoduo/proj/test2/B.txt
/home/duoduo/proj/test2/B/A.txt
```

## 迅速打开# 路径的文件

```
gf 

如果你的文件中有这么一个路径

# /home/duoduo/proj/B.txt

将光标移动到/home/duoduo/proj/B.txt上的任意一个字符上，按下gf即可打开这个文件，超快的。

这个非常常用，无论你是什么格式的文件
```

## 滚屏

```
ctrl + u 上滚半屏
ctrl + d 下滚半屏
ctrl + f 上滚一屏
ctrl + b 下滚一屏
```

## 查找移动光标

```
/ 加单词 回车之后 单词会高亮
例如 /word<CR>
文章中的word都会高亮，按n可以条到下一个,N可以找到上一个

\hs 可以关闭或者打开由 / 查找带来的单词高亮问题

同一行下f字符可以直接跳到字符前的位置，F是向前搜索
同一行下t字符（to的意思）可以直接跳到字符后的位置，T是向前搜索
f和t类的都可以使用; ,在重复之前的命令
```

## 在行上添加或者减少缩进

```
向左 shift + < 
向右 shift + >

html python  markdown等需要缩进的地方非常常用.
```

## 一些之前少用的编辑小命令

```
替换字符，并且依然在normal模式
    小写r,换一个字
    大写R,从光标位置开始替换后面的字符

    知道这个命令之前都是x i 插入 Esc按这4次的。

D = d$
C = c$
s 修改一个字 = xa
S = cc

. 重复上一个命令 当使用 < 缩进行的时候常用
```

## 移动当前行

```
下移ctrl + j
下移ctrl + k

可以用可视模式移动一个块
```

## 合并两行

```
大写J（shift + j）
可以用可视模式合并一个块
```

## 快速跳转单词

\w 向后跳转 \b 向前跳转

例如vim 编辑a文章，然后你用ctrl+p跳到了别的地方，跳回a的方法

```
ctrl + shift + 6
```

## 记录位置，迅速跳转

s指任意字母 S是大写,例如ma 用a记录下一个位置,然后光标随意移动, 'a即可跳回。大写的话即使你在别的tab下也可以很方便的跳回这个位置。

记录 m{Ss} 跳回 '{Ss}

另外 当使用G跳转的时候，跳转点会自动mark，''即可跳回

## 注释

添加\cc 取消\cu

经常与shift+v 可视块一起使用

## 粘贴模式

按F4进入粘贴模式，这样要粘贴的文字的格式就会被保留下来。

注意复制粘贴的时候需要先进入insert模式

## 打开文件时(:tabedit 或者ls等)查看目录下文件

ctrl + d

## snippets

<https://github.com/honza/vim-snippets/tree/master/snippets>

## 常用的片段

### html常用

<https://github.com/honza/vim-snippets/blob/master/snippets/html.snippets>

```
空格
snippet nbs
        &nbsp;

键值对
snippet attr
        ${1:attribute}="${0:property}"
snippet attr+
        ${1:attribute}="${2:property}" attr+

snippet .
        class="${1}"
snippet #
        id="${1}"
snippet alt
        alt="${1}"
snippet charset
        charset="${1:utf-8}"

snippet height
        height="${1}"
snippet href
        href="${1:#}"
snippet rel
        rel="${1}"
snippet src
        src="${1}"
snippet title=
        title="${1}"
snippet width
        width="${1}"
```

#### Elements

都可以直接元素类型加. #

```
snippet a
        <a href="${1:#}">${0:$1}</a>
snippet a.
        <a class="${1}" href="${2:#}">${0:$1}</a>
snippet a#
        <a id="${1}" href="${2:#}">${0:$1}</a>
snippet a:ext
        <a href="http://${1:example.com}">${0:$1}</a>
```

input:hidden 等可以直接指定type

#### jquery

<https://github.com/honza/vim-snippets/blob/master/snippets/javascript-jquery.snippets>

一般直接写方法名

#### python

<https://github.com/honza/vim-snippets/blob/master/snippets/python.snippets>

添加自己的issue

在janus里面这个插件在\~/.vim/janus/vim/tools/vim-snippets/snippets下

例如：当写zarkpy继承model的时候就可以新建以下的模板,在.py文件中输入clm按下tab就会补全

```
snippet clm
    class ${1:ClassName}(Model):
        table_name = '$1'
        column_names = [${2}]

        template = \ 
            ''' CREATE TABLE {$table_name} (
                {$table_name}id int unsigned  not null auto_increment,
                ${3}
                primary key ({$table_name}id)
            )ENGINE=InnoDB; ''' 
        ${0}
```

log print 调试

```
snippet le
    logging.error(${0:msg})

# conflict with lambda=ld, therefor we change into Logger.debuG
snippet lg
    import logging

snippet lw
    logging.warning(${0:msg})

snippet lc
    logging.critical(${0:msg})

snippet li
    logging.info(${0:msg})
```

## 单词大小写转化

```
1.选中单词 ctrl + v  w 
转换大小写 gu(小写)    gU(大写)
2. guw gUw
```

## vim 编译coffeescript

```
vim的一个插件
https://github.com/kchmck/vim-coffee-script

安装
Install pathogen.vim into ~/.vim/autoload/ 
http://www.vim.org/scripts/script.php?script_id=2332

Enable pathogen in your vimrc. Here's a bare-minimum vimrc that enables all the features of vim-coffee-script:

    call pathogen#infect()
    syntax enable
    filetype plugin indent on

    :map <F3> :CoffeeCompile vert<CR>  # 安F3编译 并且右边显示

Create the directory ~/.vim/bundle/:

mkdir ~/.vim/bundle
Clone the vim-coffee-script repo into ~/.vim/bundle/:

git clone https://github.com/kchmck/vim-coffee-script.git ~/.vim/bundle/vim-coffee-script/
```

## \~/.vimrc.after

```
set tabstop=4       " A four-space tab indent width is the prefered coding style
                    " for Python (and everything else!), although of course some
                    " disagree. This page generally assumes you want 4-space
                    " indents.

set shiftwidth=4    " This allows you to use the < and > keys from VIM's visual
                    " (marking) mode to block indent/unindent regions

set smarttab        " Use the "shiftwidth" setting for inserting <TAB>s instead
                    " of the "tabstop" setting, when at the beginning of a
                    " line. This may be redundant for most people, but some
                    " poeple like to keep their tabstop=8 for compatability
                    " when loading files, but setting shiftwidth=4 for nicer
                    " coding style.

set expandtab       " expandtab    et    Insert spaces instead of <TAB>
                    " character when the <TAB> key is pressed. This is also
                    " the prefered method of Python coding, since Python is
                    " especially sensitive to problems with indenting which can
                    " occur when people load files in different editors with
                    " different tab settings, and also cutting and pasting
                    " between applications (ie email/news for example) can
                    " result in problems. It is safer and more portable to
                    " use spaces for indenting.

set softtabstop=4   " softtabstop=4    sts    People like using real tab
                    " character instead of spaces because it makes it easier
                    " when pressing BACKSPACE or DELETE, since if the indent
                    " is using spaces it will take 4 keystrokes to delete
                    " the indent. Using this setting, however, makes VIM see
                    " multiple space characters as tabstops, and so <BS> does
                    " the right thing and will delete four spaces (assuming
                    " 4 is your setting).

set autoindent      " autoindent    ai    Very painful to live without this
                    " (especially with Python)! It means that when you press
                    " RETURN and a new line is created, the indent of the new
                    " line will match that of the previous line. 
set textwidth=79

autocmd FileType coffee setlocal tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2
autocmd FileType styl setlocal tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2
autocmd FileType html setlocal tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2
autocmd FileType css setlocal tabstop=2 shiftwidth=2 softtabstop=2


set noswapfile

" :map <F1> :wa  " zarkpy 的一个配置
" :! /usr/local/bin/launch-curr.py %:p " zarkpy 的一个配置

" :map <F2> :! /usr/local/bin/error-curr.py %:p " zarkpy 的一个配置

" :map <F3> :CoffeeCompile vert<CR> " coffee complie的一个插件

:map <C-t> :tabedit ./
:map <C-n> :tabnew ./
:map <C-h> :tabp<CR>
:map <C-i> :tabn<CR>
:map <C-c> :tabclose<CR>

:imap <C-l> <C-x><C-o>

call pathogen#infect()
syntax enable
filetype plugin indent on
```

## 替换

vim正则需要括号括起来并且加斜杠转义, &代表匹配到的东西

为每行后面添加,号`'<,'>s/.*/&,/g`

将 abc变为 self.abc = abc `'<,'>s/\(\w\+\)/self.& = &/g`

## recording模式

当你有重复的一些操作需要执行的时候就用recording，或者说是宏

q + 任一a\~z 例如 q a, 然后你做一些操作，完成后按q, 那么命令都录制在a这里

使用时 @a即可，如果想重复100次，100\@a

## ctags快速跳转到函数定义

\~/.vimrc.after里面添加

```
set tags=tags;/
#set tags+=/usr/include/c++
```

然后到项目根目录下执行`ctags -R`

需要调整到方法定义时在方法或者类名上`ctrl+]`，跳回`ctrl+o`


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